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James Martin Pacelli McGuinness ((アイルランド語:Séamus Máirtín Pacelli Mag Aonghusa);〔(Ag cur Gaeilge ar ais i mbéal an phobail - Fórógra Shinn Féin do na Toghcháin Westminster ) – Sinn Féin press release, released 22 April 2005.〕 born 23 May 1950) is an Irish republican Sinn Féin politician who has been the deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland since 2007.〔(About the Department ) Office of the First Minister and deputy First Minister〕 He was also Sinn Féin's unsuccessful candidate for President of Ireland in the 2011 election. A former Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) leader, McGuinness was the MP for Mid Ulster from 1997 until his resignation on 2 January 2013.〔(Profile ) BBC News〕〔("Martin McGuinness resigns as MP for Mid-Ulster" ), RTÉ News, Ireland〕 Like all Sinn Féin MPs, McGuinness practised abstentionism in relation to the Westminster Parliament. Following the St Andrews Agreement and the Assembly election in 2007, he became deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland on 8 May 2007, with the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) leader Ian Paisley becoming First Minister. On 5 June 2008 he was re-appointed as deputy First Minister to serve alongside Peter Robinson, who succeeded Paisley as First Minister.〔("Robinson is new NI first minister" ), BBC News, 5 June 2008; Accessed 5 June 2008〕 McGuinness previously served as Minister of Education in the Northern Ireland Executive between 1999 and 2002. ==Provisional IRA activity== McGuinness has acknowledged that he is a former IRA member but claims that he left the IRA in 1974.〔Henry McDonald (IRA victim's brother says Martin McGuinness has blood on his hands ) ''The Guardian'' 12 October 2011〕 He originally joined the Official IRA, unaware of the split at the December 1969 Army Convention, switching to the Provisional IRA soon after. By the start of 1972, at the age of 21, he was second-in-command of the IRA in Derry, a position he held at the time of Bloody Sunday, when 13 civil rights protesters were killed in the city by soldiers of the 1st Battalion, Parachute Regiment.〔(McGuinness confirms IRA role ) BBC News, 2 May 2001〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CAIN: (Report ) Report of the Tribunal appointed to inquire into events on Sundy 30 January 1972 )〕 During the Saville Inquiry into the events of that day, Paddy Ward claimed to have been the leader of the Fianna, the youth wing of the IRA at the time of Bloody Sunday. He claimed that McGuinness and another anonymous IRA member gave him bomb parts that morning. He said that his organisation intended to attack city centre premises in Derry on the same day. In response, McGuinness said the claims were "fantasy", while Gerry O’Hara, a Derry Sinn Féin councillor, stated that he and not Ward was the Fianna leader at the time.〔(McGuinness is named as bomb runner ) by John Innes, The Scotsman, 21 October 2003〕 The inquiry concluded that, although McGuinness was "engaged in paramilitary activity" at the time of Bloody Sunday and had probably been armed with a Thompson submachine gun, there was insufficient evidence to make any finding other than they were "sure that he did not engage in any activity that provided any of the soldiers with any justification for opening fire". McGuinness negotiated alongside Gerry Adams with the Secretary of State for Northern Ireland, Willie Whitelaw, in 1972. In 1973, he was convicted by the Republic of Ireland's Special Criminal Court, after being arrested near a car containing of explosives and nearly 5,000 rounds of ammunition. He refused to recognise the court, and was sentenced to six months imprisonment. In court, he declared his membership of the Provisional IRA without equivocation: 'We have fought against the killing of our people... I am a member of Óglaigh na hÉireann and very, very proud of it'. After his release, and another conviction in the Republic for IRA membership, he became increasingly prominent in Sinn Féin, the political wing of the republican movement. He was in indirect contact with British intelligence during the hunger strikes in the early 1980s, and again in the early 1990s.〔(Setting the Record Straight ) Sinn Féin〕 He was elected to the Northern Ireland Assembly at Stormont in 1982, representing Londonderry. He was the second candidate elected after John Hume. As with all elected members of Sinn Féin and the SDLP, he did not take up his seat.〔''Martin McGuinness: From Guns to Government'' by Liam Clarke and Kathryn Johnston (ISBN 1-84018-725-5), pages 152-153〕 On 9 December 1982, McGuinness, Gerry Adams and Danny Morrison were banned from entering Great Britain under the Prevention of Terrorism Act by William Whitelaw, the then Home Secretary.〔''Martin McGuinness: From Guns to Government'' by Liam Clarke and Kathryn Johnston (ISBN 1-84018-725-5), page 155〕 In August 1993, he was the subject of a two-part special by ''The Cook Report'', a Central TV investigative documentary series presented by Roger Cook. It accused him of continuing involvement in IRA activity, of attending an interrogation and of encouraging Frank Hegarty, an informer, to return to Derry from a safe house in England. Hegarty's mother Rose appeared on the programme to tell of telephone calls to McGuinness and of Hegarty's subsequent murder. McGuinness denied her account and denounced the programme saying "I have never been in the IRA. I don't have any sway over the IRA".〔''Martin McGuinness: From Guns to Government'' by Liam Clarke and Kathryn Johnston (ISBN 1-84018-725-5), page 222〕 In 2005, Michael McDowell, the Irish Tánaiste, claimed McGuinness, along with Gerry Adams and Martin Ferris, were members of the seven-man IRA Army Council. McGuinness denied the claims, saying he was no longer an IRA member. Experienced Troubles journalist Peter Taylor presented further apparent evidence of McGuinness's role in the IRA in his documentary ''Age of Terror'', shown in April 2008.〔(Age of Terror ), BBC News, 21 April 2008〕 In his documentary, Taylor alleges that McGuinness was the head of the IRA's Northern Command and had advance knowledge of the IRA's 1987 Enniskillen bombing, which left 11 civilians dead. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martin McGuinness」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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